Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms forming a perfectly stable and clean two-dimensional crystal with very few defects, has been proclaimed to be a new revolutionary material for electronics. These hopes rest mainly on the unique band structure properties of graphene. 22 March 2010
Are you on Facebook? Twitter, perhaps? Maybe LinkedIn? What about a social networking site dedicated to materials science? If you are not, you may be more alone than you think… 16 February 2010
We review our recent efforts in understanding the resonance properties of metallic ring systems using a rigorous mode-expansion theory. In the quasi-static limit, we established a matrix-form circuit equation to calculate the frequencies and current distributions for all resonance modes in a ring system. We then applied the theory to study different split ring resonators (SRR). 12 January 2010
In this article, we have reviewed recent progresses on the negative refraction and the abnormal transmission of electromagnetic wave in two-dimensional photonic crystals. The physical mechanisms related to these phenomena have been analyzed, and the focusing properties of the point source through the photonic-crystal-based flat lens have been discussed. 12 January 2010
Surface immobilization of functional receptors on microfabricated cantilever arrays offers a new paradigm for the development of biosensors based on nanomechanics. Microcantilever-based systems are capable of real-time, multiplexed detection of unlabeled disease markers in extremely small volumes of samples. Currently available fabrication technology will allow the integration of electronic readout and sample introduction into a single unit, decreasing the device size, detection time, and cost. 25 September 2009
Nature is the best example of a system functioning on the nanometer scale, where the involved materials, energy consumption and data handling are optimized. Opening the doors to the nanoworld the emergence of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1982 and the atomic force microscope in 1986 led to a shift of paradigm in the understanding and perception of matter at its most fundamental level. 24 August 2009
The newly-developing spintronics technology requires materials that allow control of both the charge and the spin degrees of freedom of the charge carriers. Ferromagnetic semiconductors (SC) are considered suitable due to simultaneous presence of magnetic order and of semiconducting properties. GaMnAs is one of the most intensively studied ferromagnetic SC. In this paper we will review recent research and accomplishments regarding two technologically important properties – magnetic anisotropy and interlayer coupling — of GaMnAs-based multilayer structures, with an eye on their potential role in practical devices. 12 April 2009
III-V compound semiconductors (SC) have played a crucial role in the development of optoelectronic devices for a broad range of applications. Major applications of InP or GaAs based III-V compound SC are devices for optical fiber communications, infrared and visible LEDs/LDs and high efficiency solar cells. GaN based compounds are extremely important for short wavelength light emitters used in solid state lighting systems. We review the important device applications of various III-V compound SC materials. 12 April 2009
High-frequency applications, especially microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, demand the use of compound semiconductor (SC) transistors. The materials used and the design considerations provide an insight into the behavior of these devices. Both bipolar and field-effect devices are discussed and the properties relevant to high-frequency operation are presented. 12 April 2009
Nanoscience and nanotechnology are closely intertwined subjects that are attracting ever-increasing attention, both in the scientific world and in the marketplace. Major developments in growth and synthesis methods mean that atoms can nowadays be manipulated in a controlled fashion to produce novel properties that are often not found in bulk materials. 21 January 2009
In solid-state physics two different paradigms are typically applied. The first is a local picture, in which one visualizes the quantum states of electrons in atomic orbitals or at impurity atoms in real space (r-space). The second is the momentum or reciprocal space (k-space) picture, where electrons are viewed as de Broglie waves completely delocalized throughout the material. 19 August 2008
Diamond is a leading contender as the material of choice for the quantum computer industry. 19 August 2008
New ideas lead to new technologies, and new technologies demand new materials. Quantized matter – atoms – underpinned the 19th century chemical industry and quantized charge – the electron – is the basis of microelectronics. 19 August 2008
The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides was not accidental, but was based on the knowledge that the divalent copper ion, Cu2+, is one of the strongest Jahn–Teller ions. 19 August 2008
The ability to control the creation of mechanical work remotely, with high speed and spatial precision, over long distances, offers many intriguing possibilities. 20 June 2008
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