The epidermis—dermis—subcutaneous system is able both to resist and repair damage and also regrow over a defect that exposes underlying tissue. These are admirable qualities in biological systems because these processes are repetitive, autonomous, and can be triggered by damage without external intervention. In corrosion of metallic materials, dip, spray, chemically or electrodeposited organic-based, metallic, and ceramic coatings are often used to protect a substrate from corrosive damage.