The study of all materials requires a multi-tool approach to analysing and characterising the material as well as its interactions and function. It is by using these orthogonal approaches that the best discoveries are made and data turns into knowledge for the benefit of the science. ICNB 2018 is organized after ICNB 2017 held in Amsterdam, Netherlands and it will bring together researchers from academia and industry with practitioners in materials characterisation, including instrument manufacturers and developers, to open dialogues about new approaches and technological innovation in the field of Nanomaterials and Biomaterials.