An illustration showing the evolution of quantum light color when the atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride is stretched. Image: Dr Trong Toan Tran.A team of scientists from the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and the Australian National University (ANU), both in Australia, believe they have developed a way to address a decades-long challenge in the field of quantum materials – the spectral tuning of proposed quantum light sources.
The researchers say their results, using the atomically thin material hexagonal boron nitride, constitute a significant step forward in understanding light–matter interactions of quantum systems in 2D materials, and the journey towards scalable on-chip devices for quantum technologies. They report their results in a paper in Advanced Materials.
The ability to finely tune the colors of quantum light has been proposed as a key step in developing quantum network architectures, where photons, the fundamental building block of light, are exploited to serve as the quantum messenger for communicating between distant sites.
The scientists harnessed the extreme stretchability of hexagonal boron nitride, also known as ‘white graphene’, to such an extent that they were able to demonstrate a world record for the largest spectral color-tuning range from an atomically thin quantum system.
Lead author and UTS PhD candidate Noah Mendelson said that the improvement in spectral tuning by almost an order of magnitude would spark interest within both academic and industrial groups “working towards the development of quantum networks and related quantum technologies.”
“This material was grown in the lab at UTS with some atomic-scale ‘crystal-mistakes’ that are ultra-bright and extremely stable quantum sources. By stretching the atomically thin material to induce mechanical expansion of the quantum source, this, in turn, resulted in the dramatic tuning range of the colors emitted by the quantum light source.”
“As the hexagonal boron nitride was stretched to only a few atomic layers thick, the emitted light started to change color from orange to red much like the LED lights on a Christmas tree, but in the quantum realm,” explained Mendelson, who is in the UTS School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences.
Seeing such color-tuning at the quantum level is not just an amazing feat from a fundamental point of view, but it also sheds light on many potential applications in the field of quantum science and quantum engineering, he adds.
Unlike other nanomaterials used as quantum light sources, such as diamond, silicon carbide or gallium nitride, hexagonal boron nitride isn’t brittle and comes with the unique mechanical properties of a van der Waals crystal.
“We have always been amazed by the superior properties of hexagonal boron nitride, be they mechanical, electrical or optical. Such properties enable not only unique physics experiments, but could also open doors to a plethora of practical applications in the near future,” says Igor Aharonovich, a professor at UTS and chief investigator at the ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Materials (TMOS), and a senior author of the paper.
The UTS team of experimental physicists, led by Trong Toan Tran, felt that they were on to something very intriguing from the very first observation of the exotic phenomenon.
“We quickly teamed up with one of the world’s leading theoretical physicists in this field, ANU’s Dr Marcus Doherty, to try to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for the impressive color-tuning range. The joint effort between UTS and ANU led to the complete understanding of the phenomenon, fully supported by a robust theoretical model,” Tran said.
The team is now preparing their follow-up work. This is to realize a proof-of-principle experiment involving the entanglement of two originally different-colored photons from two stretched quantum sources in hexagonal boron nitride to form a quantum bit (qubit)—the building block of a quantum network.
“We think that the success of our work has opened up new avenues for multiple fundamental physics experiments that could lay the foundation for the future quantum internet,” concludes Tran.
This story is adapted from material from the University of Technology Sydney, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier. Link to original source.