The smart bandage resting on a gloved finger. Photo: Caltech.Most of the time, when someone gets a cut, scrape, burn or other wound, the body takes care of itself and heals on its own. But this is not always the case. Diabetes can interfere with the healing process and create wounds that will not go away, and that could become infected and fester.
These kinds of chronic wounds are not just debilitating for the people suffering from them. They are also a drain on healthcare systems, representing a $25 billion financial burden in the US alone each year.
A new kind of smart bandage developed at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) may make treating these wounds easier, more effective and less expensive. These smart bandages, reported in a paper in Science Advances, were developed in the lab of Wei Gao, assistant professor of medical engineering.
“There are many different types of chronic wounds, especially in diabetic ulcers and burns that last a long time and cause huge issues for the patient,” Gao says. “There is a demand for technology that can facilitate recovery.”
Unlike a typical bandage, which might only consist of layers of absorbent material, these smart bandages are made from a flexible and stretchy polymer containing embedded electronics and medication. The electronics allow the sensor to monitor the wound for molecules like uric acid or lactate and conditions like pH level or temperature that may be indicative of inflammation or bacterial infection.
The bandage can transmit the gathered data from the wound wirelessly to a nearby computer, tablet or smartphone for review by the patient or a medical professional. It can also deliver an antibiotic or other medication stored within the bandage directly to the wound site to treat the inflammation and infection. Finally, it can apply a low-level electrical field to the wound to stimulate tissue growth, resulting in faster healing.
In animal models under laboratory conditions, the smart bandages showed the ability to provide real-time updates about wound conditions and the animals’ metabolic states to researchers, as well as promote the healing of chronic infected wounds similar to those found in humans.
Gao says these results are promising and adds that future research in collaboration with the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California will focus on improving the bandage technology and testing it on human patients, whose therapeutic needs may be different to those of lab animals.
“We have showed this proof of concept in small animal models, but down the road, we would like to increase the stability of the device but also to test it on larger chronic wounds because the wound parameters and microenvironment may vary from site to site,” he says.
This story is adapted from material from Caltech, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier. Link to original source.