“One of the main contributions of this work from a physics point of view is that we were able to study some of this material’s most fundamental properties.”Tony Low, University of Minnesota
A team of researchers from the University of Minnesota has, for the first time, synthesized a thin film of a unique topological semimetal material that has the potential to generate more computing power and memory storage while using significantly less energy. The researchers were also able to closely study the material, leading to some important findings about the physics behind its unique properties. They report their findings in a paper in Nature Communications.
There is a growing need to increase semiconductor manufacturing and support research that goes into developing novel materials for electronic devices. While traditional semiconductors are the technology behind most of today’s computer chips, scientists and engineers are always looking for materials that can generate more power with less energy to make electronics better, smaller and more efficient.
One such candidate for use in new and improved computer chips is a class of quantum materials called topological semimetals. The electrons in these materials behave in different ways, giving them unique properties that the insulators and metals typically used in electronic devices do not have. For this reason, they are being explored for use in spintronic devices, an alternative to traditional semiconductor devices that leverage the spin of electrons, rather than electrical charge, to store data and process information.
In this new study, an interdisciplinary team of researchers from the University of Minnesota were successfully able to synthesize a topological semimetal made of platinum, tin and iron as a thin film – and prove that it has the potential for high performance with low energy consumption.
“This research shows for the first time that you can transition from a weak topological insulator to a topological semimetal using a magnetic doping strategy,” said Jian-Ping Wang, a professor in the University of Minnesota Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and a senior author of the paper. “We’re looking for ways to extend the lifetimes for our electrical devices and at the same time lower the energy consumption, and we’re trying to do that in non-traditional, out-of-the-box ways.”
Researchers have been working on topological materials for years, but the University of Minnesota team is the first to use a patented, industry-compatible sputtering process to create this semimetal in a thin-film format. Because their process is industry compatible, the technology can be more easily adopted and used for manufacturing real-world devices.
“Every day in our lives, we use electronic devices, from our cell phones to dishwashers to microwaves. They all use chips. Everything consumes energy,” said Andre Mkhoyan, a professor in the University of Minnesota Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and another senior author of the paper. “The question is, how do we minimize that energy consumption? This research is a step in that direction. We are coming up with a new class of materials with similar or often better performance but using much less energy.”
Because the researchers fabricated such a high-quality material, they were also able to closely analyze its properties and what makes it so unique.
“One of the main contributions of this work from a physics point of view is that we were able to study some of this material’s most fundamental properties,” said Tony Low, an associate professor in the University of Minnesota Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and another senior author of the paper. “Normally, when you apply a magnetic field, the longitudinal resistance of a material will increase, but in this particular topological material, we have predicted that it would decrease. We were able to corroborate our theory to the measured transport data and confirm that there is indeed a negative resistance.”
Low, Mkhoyan and Wang have been working together for more than a decade on topological materials for next-generation electronic devices and systems. This research wouldn’t have been possible without combining their respective expertise in theory and computation, material growth and characterization, and device fabrication.
“It not only takes an inspiring vision but also great patience across the four disciplines and a dedicated group of team members to work on such an important but challenging topic, which will potentially enable the transition of the technology from lab to industry,” Wang said.
This story is adapted from material from the University of Minnesota, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier. Link to original source.